Djer the Third Pharaoh of Egypt
DJer one of the oldest known pharaohs depicts a falcon representing Horus perched on a pedestal and is recorded in hieroglyphic texts He also built two large mastabas at Saqqara and was the first pharaoh to record military activity outside of Egypt's borders His tomb at Abydos was surrounded by hundreds of courtiers all buried at the same time as Pharaoh He was the third pharaoh of the First Dynasty Chronicles identify him as the son of Hor-Aha the second pharaoh There is still debate as to whether he was the same person as Menes the unifier of Egypt or the son of Narmer One of the largest and most elaborate tombs in Jer is the first tomb of the First Dynasty. Ivory tablets from Abydos mention Jer in the Nile Delta often assumed to be Mount Sinai or further afield where rituals involving human sacrifice were performed
Manetho an Egyptian priest of the Ptolemaic Empire who lived in the early third century BC believed that Jer was linked to the very structures that originated life The internal and external structures of living things as well as the elements of nature including organ systems and tissues have been discovered Evidence of battles has been discovered in both Libya and the Sinai Peninsula "The Year of the Setjet Massacre" is the name given to one of his reigns Djer's reign was preceded by a regent under Neth-Hotep possibly his mother or grandmother Djer was an ancient Egyptian queen who lived and ruled during the early First Dynasty Djer was the third pharaoh the "Guardian of Horus" in the list of New Kingdom kings
Since the Middle Kingdom at Abydos the tomb has been used as a burial site for priests followers and pilgrims Archaeologists have discovered turquoise jewelry the queen's bracelets on the tomb walls and the oldest gold and wooden tablets at Saqqara which are ritualistic and bear his name According to Egyptian religious tradition an Osiris idol was placed on the altar in the tomb One such discovery is an Osiris statue in Djer's tomb Considered the tomb of Osiris throughout the First Dynasty the tombs including the tomb of Djer are likely to be the tomb of the 13th Dynasty Pharaoh Djedkheperu an Egyptian pharaoh who reigned for approximately two years from about 1772 BC.
