Stone Age land symbols in the Eastern Desert
Stone Age land symbols in the Eastern Desert
Nubia or Kush, the center of diverse cultures is the hottest and driest region in the world, where many civilizations depend on the Nile River for their survival The only landmass that connects the world to tropical Africa Nubia was a major trade route between sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world Rich linguistic and cultural traditions The Kushite kingdom with its capital at Meroei, continued until the 4th century The Kushite Nubians would rule all of Nubia including Upper and Lower Egypt during the height of Nubian civilization as the Kushite kingdom.
The Kushite kingdom at Meroei held sway over its northern neighbors for nearly 100 years until it was overrun by the Assyrians. The kingdom was torn apart by internal rebellions The Assyrians forced them to migrate further south where they established a capital at Meroei The Kushite capital was later occupied with the restoration of the Egyptian temples at Karnak The Nubians and Egyptians built new temples and pyramids in Nubia before being driven out of Egypt. In ancient times the Moroei were defeated during the New Kingdom in the South under the attack of Ezana.
The Egyptian Pharaoh of Nubia was crowned by the son and third successor of Pharaoh Piye. Nubia and Egypt restored the Egyptian temple at Karnak The New Pyramids in Nubia held power in much of the surrounding region for nearly 100 years The Kushite Empire was based at Meroei in early Greek geography Nubia was also called Upper and Lower Nubia The land of Kush the region known as Lower Egypt was the northernmost part extending south to the Sudan and can be subdivided into several separate areas such as the Bat el-Hajjar or Belly of the Rock a lowland in Dongolaresh The Kushite Nubians ruled Nubia including Upper and Lower Egypt during the height of their civilization
After the capital of the Kushites was conquered and destroyed by the kingdom of Aksum the Beja dynasty natives of the Eastern Desert attempted to restore the empire and several states were established in the former territory including Nubia and the Kushites destroyed by the capture of Croa were buried there Soon after the Egyptians colonized the borders of Nubia the Kushite kingdom outlasted Egypt under the rule of Pharaoh Piye in the 8th century under the name of the Kushite dynasty When the Egyptians withdrew from the Napata region they left behind a lasting legacy that combined with the indigenous traditions of the past that had built the civilization and that had formed the Kushite kingdom
As the kingdom weakened and fell apart due to internal rebellions archaeologists have found several burials in the area that appear to belong to local leaders The Kushites adopted many Egyptian practices and began to develop a changing religion and culture The capital of the Kushite kingdom was later conquered Southern Nubia was located on the east bank of the Nile about 6 km northeast of Kabushiya Station near the city of Chendi Sudan and about 200 km northeast of Khartoum.
Ancient records have rock reliefs in the Sahara depicting scenes that are believed to be reminiscent of cults in parts of East Africa and the Nile Valley to this day The people who lived in the region now known as Nubia took part in the Neolithic Revolution and shared a common culture in the Nile Valley and the Sahara with both areas and with Egypt at that time They began to establish fertile agricultural lands south of the Third Falls. An ancestral civilization called the Kerma culture in Upper Nubia emerged around 5,000 BC
The large ancient stone observatory at Nabta Playa is an early example of a pre-Stonehenge stone circle.
